What does 'reasoned decision-making' require in rulemaking?

What does 'reasoned decision-making' require in rulemaking?

• A. The agency only cites statutory text.
• B. The agency explains its reasoning, considers relevant factors, and addresses significant comments.
• C. The agency issues the rule without justification.
• D. The agency bases decisions solely on cost estimates.

Answer: (B)

Reasoned decision-making in rulemaking means the agency must show a clear, rational explanation for its rule: it explains its reasoning, weighs relevant factors, and responds to significant comments raised during the process. This isn’t just about reciting the statute; it’s about demonstrating how the rule serves statutory aims, considers impacts like safety, economics, and public welfare, and explains why key concerns were accepted or rejected. The process often involves notice-and-comment, and courts review whether the agency’s reasoning makes sense and shows it considered the major issues raised. If an agency merely cites statutory text or relies only on cost estimates without addressing broader factors or public input, the decision would not satisfy reasoned decision-making.

Reasoned decision-making in rulemaking means the agency must show a clear, rational explanation for its rule: it explains its reasoning, weighs relevant factors, and responds to significant comments raised during the process. This isn’t just about reciting the statute; it’s about demonstrating how the rule serves statutory aims, considers impacts like safety, economics, and public welfare, and explains why key concerns were accepted or rejected. The process often involves notice-and-comment, and courts review whether the agency’s reasoning makes sense and shows it considered the major issues raised. If an agency merely cites statutory text or relies only on cost estimates without addressing broader factors or public input, the decision would not satisfy reasoned decision-making.